shortage照反义词
spontaneous = unplanned
sacred = holy
subject to = vulnerable to
susceptible to = prone to
succession----series
sparse,文中着反义词 rich
scrap=fragment
set in motion = start (使 开始运转， 如 set the plan in motion)
Severe = harsh
SHIFT
share = proportion (proportion 比例, 均衡, 面积, 部分vt.使成比例, 使均衡, 分摊)
silhouette = outline (silhouette n.侧面影象, 轮廓)
Simultaneous (同时发生的)= at the same time
Site
Solicit = request (solicit v.恳求 ，请求)
Specified (详细说明) = stated
a matter of speculation (思索，推测，投机)= supposition (speculation的同义词)
stunning = dramatically(不?定) 都在句中? (stunning: very surprising, very impressive ，另人印象深刻的; dramatically: 有戏剧表现力的，引人注目的)
sturdy = strong
subsequent (后来的，随后的) = later
supplant = replace
Susceptible to (容易.的): prone to
settle down
stem from --- grow out of
set in motion的同义词，选项有start等
Webster地解释比较好：
to give impulse to
shift
specified : stated
silhouette =outline
solicit==request
severe--harsh
sacred--holy
strict
staple--important
simultaneous
soaked--absorbed
split--divided
scorching--exceeding hot
site--location
stay
singularly--particularly
stint 紧缩节省
slightest 最轻微的
sparingly 节俭地
spur--stimulus
staggering 惊人的，巨大的
stunned--hindered
stunt v.阻碍...发育, 妨碍...生长, 作惊人表演, 使绝招 n.发育迟缓, 矮小的人(或物), 惊人表演, 绝技
sumptuous--luxurious
seek
shield--protect
shrink spread(反义)
significant-- meaningful (obvious is not right)
spawn--create
spot--identify
snap--break
shied away from--avoid
tangible---physical
tracts (of land) = area
?=take advantage of
Tangible = material
teasers (爱戏弄人的人/ 难题 a puzzling problem)
tip 舌尖
Transfer = move
tricky (狡猾的，棘手的，difficult)
tendency==inclination
teemed with--were full of
Underlying = inner (underlying adj.在下面的, 隐含的 ，implicit 如 underlying meaning)
underpinning (基础, 支柱, 支撑 a support or foundation)
Unqualified (不合格的，无限制的，绝对的) = complete
utilitarian = functional (文中选) (utilitarian adj.功利的, 实利的, 功利主义的 n.功利论者 )
unqualified =complete;
utilitarian =functional
universally--without exception
unrestricted--unlimited
undergone--experienced
uniform
vigorous = strong
vexing = difficult (not sure) (vex: 使恼怒，使痛苦, puzzle, annoy)
volatile--
vast--immense
vast--great
vehicle--means
variability==tendency to change
withstand==persist avoid/persist? 原文是：...brick withstood the weathering for a long time...
withstand=resist
wear--use
whatever --in any case/ at any rate/at all event
wary--cautious
way station--stop
？= yet 选项还有however / in addition.
yield--provide
pp中的单词替换
game--animals teemed with--were full of
pronounced--strong fragment--break up
establishment--formation consequently--therefore
heighten--increase previously--before era--period
driven--pushed poses--presents
variability--tendency to change
substantially--significantly monitored--observed
capable of using--able to use shift--change
forsook--left
signature--identifying characteristics
standardized--uniform
orientation--arrangement terrain--ground delineate--outline
prescribing--assigning promotes--contributes to
indicators--signs obviously--clearly components--elements
common--shared broad--general overlapping--sharing characteristics
compelled--forced stumbled upon--accidental adapted--modified
tedious--tiresome facilitating--easing freezing--halting
contexts--settings accommodate--allow for pounding--hitting
conspicuous--noticeable assess--evaluate
toxin--poison diverge--move apart depicted--presented
precision--accuracy obvious--clear feed--satisfy
sources--supplies means--methods flourishing--thriving
univerisally--without exception anxious--eager
at bay--under control soaked up--absorded split--divided
scorching--exceedingly hot attributed--credited
successive--subsequent stimulates--causes scarcity--shortage
encourageed--promoted vast--great affords--provides
remote--far away available--obtainable vehicle--means
in essence--basically constitutes--consists of
gradually--little by little diminished--reduced
diversity--variety expanses--areas prior--past
acceleration--speeding up essential--fundamental
outgroeth--result incentive--motive impede--obstruct
severe--large convert--transform magnitude--extent
beneficial--advantageous envisioned--conceived of
scan--examine orbiting--revoling power--strength
cases--situations exhibit--show unusual--uncommon
thus--consequently constant--continued sequence--succession
attain--reach on the other hand--however solitary--lone
rotates--turns allocates--designates spoken for--claimed
status--position in its own right--independent
conceiving--imagining support--sustain alternative--option
sequence--order periodic--regular elsewhere--in other places
hampering--restricting accelerated--speeded up
subjected to--placed under adjacent--nearby account for--explains
roughly--approximately puzzle--question convert--transform
spend--use practical--realistic critical--important
tracing--following vital--important components--parts
occasionally--sometimes aquatic--marine apparently--seemingly
conveys--communicatates reacting--responding repel--ward off
waves--groups rocked--moved capital--money prevailing--dominant
laden--filled split--divided anticipated--expected
liabilities--limitations compelling--powerful nature--quality
reinforced--strengthened discovers--learns result--consequence
dislodge--remove tasks--responsibilities forage for--hunt for
dissemination--spread advocating--recommending
little more than--simply mere--insignificant flavor--essence
dispersal--distribution segment--part complex--elaborate
proposed--hypothesized variation--change subsequently--afterward
inquiring--curious alternative--different reproduce--copy
adorn--decorate suggests--indicates refined--perfected
pinnacle--high point recurred--reappeared
rather--instead at least--at the minimum accompany--join